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  • Title: Mucosal Th1- versus Th2-type responses for antibody- or cell-mediated immunity to simian immunodeficiency virus in rhesus macaques.
    Author: McGhee JR, Kiyono H, Kubota M, Kawabata S, Miller CJ, Lehner T, Imaoka K, Fujihashi K.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 1999 May; 179 Suppl 3():S480-4. PubMed ID: 10099124.
    Abstract:
    Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-specific B cell responses and the Th1- or Th2-type profiles of cytokine expression were determined for rhesus macaques immunized with SIV antigens via the iliac lymph nodes (by use of a targeted lymph node [TLN] procedure) or orally with SIV p55gag plus cholera toxin (CT) as a mucosal adjuvant. Analysis of CD4+ T cells purified from SIV-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells of immunized macaques revealed that Th2 cytokine production gradually increased after the second and third TLN immunization. Analysis of SIV-specific B cell responses revealed that peak SIV-specific IgA B cell responses followed the third TLN immunization and occurred during peak Th2-type T cell responses. Oral immunization of macaques with p55gag plus CT induced interferon-gamma-secreting Th1-type and select Th2-type cytokine-producing CD4+ T helper cells, which most likely accounted for the induction of p55-specific systemic IgG and mucosal IgA responses.
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