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  • Title: Bone mineralization status measured by dual energy radiographic densitometry in preterm infants fed commercial formulas.
    Author: Narbona E, Maldonado J, Ocete E, Gil A, Molina JA.
    Journal: Early Hum Dev; 1998 Dec; 53 Suppl():S173-80. PubMed ID: 10102664.
    Abstract:
    We have studied the effect of two preterm commercial infant formulas with different calcium and phosphorus contents on the mineral balance and bone mineralization of 30 preterm infants at 1 month of age. Bone mineralization was measured by dual energy X-ray densitometry. The formula supplying a higher content of calcium and phosphorus promoted higher mineral retention (P<0.01) as well as higher bone mineral content (1.556 vs. 1.073 g, P<0.01) and bone mineral density (0.458 vs. 0.424 g/cm2, P<0.05), approaching values of the control group, which comprised a cohort of 15 preterm newborns whose gestational age was 4 weeks older than the subjects selected to be fed with the formulas. The intake of calcium correlated with retention (r=0.69); the phosphorus intake also correlated with phosphorus retention (r=0.95). Intakes of calcium and phosphorus correlated with the bone mineral content (r=0.65) and with bone mineral density (r=0.49). We conclude that formulas for preterm infants should not have a calcium content lower than 120 mg/100 kcal and should have a calcium/phosphorus ratio of about 2 to promote adequate bone mineralization.
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