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  • Title: International models of managed care.
    Author: Ham C.
    Journal: Health Care Manag; 1995 Oct; 2(1):143-50. PubMed ID: 10165628.
    Abstract:
    Outside North America health care resources are raised in two main ways: (1) taxation (the Beveridge model) and (2) compulsory social insurance (the Bismarck model). In practice, most European countries rely on a mixture of the two. The author examines the degree to which recent reforms have promoted divergence or convergence of the North American and European systems.
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