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  • Title: [Intratracheal intubation without muscle relaxant with the use of remifentanil-propofol].
    Author: Boulesteix G, Simon L, Lamit X, Aubineau JV, Caire P, Kindelberger P.
    Journal: Ann Fr Anesth Reanim; 1999 Apr; 18(4):393-7. PubMed ID: 10365199.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: To assess tracheal intubation conditions after induction of anaesthesia with remifentanil and propofol, using itemized scoring criteria. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical, prospective, open, non comparative trial. PATIENTS: One hundred consecutive patients undergoing surgery not requiring muscle relaxation, during the study period extended over 12 months. METHODS: After premedication with lorazepam (2 mg) the day before and hydroxyzine (100 mg) one hour before surgery, anaesthesia was induced with remifentanil administered continuously with a syringe pump at a rate of 1.20 +/- 0.06 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 and propofol (3 mg.kg-1 IV bolus). The trachea was intubated two minutes later and mouth opening, glottis exposure, glottis opening, movements, additional anaesthetic agents and chest rigidity were recorded. RESULTS: Intubation conditions were excellent in 87% of patients, and the tube was inserted rapidly, within two minutes. However in 38% of patients the cuff inflation caused cough. In 13%, glottis opening was delayed and intubation required three minutes. A major decrease of arterial pressure and heart rate was recorded in 9 and 6% of patients respectively. CONCLUSION: Induction of anaesthesia using remifentanil and propofol allows satisfactory tracheal intubation without a muscle relaxant. However this technique is contraindicated: a) in patients with a full stomach, as intubation is not always successful at the first attempt; b) in patients scheduled to undergo neurosurgery or ophthalmic surgery, as tracheal intubation may elicit cough, increasing intra-cranial and intra-ocular pressure; c) in patients in poor circulatory status, as it decreases significantly arterial pressure and heart rate.
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