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  • Title: Biosynthesis of bitter acids in hops. A (13)C-NMR and (2)H-NMR study on the building blocks of humulone.
    Author: Goese M, Kammhuber K, Bacher A, Zenk MH, Eisenreich W.
    Journal: Eur J Biochem; 1999 Jul; 263(2):447-54. PubMed ID: 10406953.
    Abstract:
    The biosynthesis of humulone, an antibacterial bitter acid from hops, was studied by isotope-incorporation experiments using (13)C-labelled glucose or (2)H(2)O. (13)C enrichments, (2)H enrichments and (13)C(13)C coupling patterns identify isovaleryl-CoA, malonyl-CoA and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate as precursors for humulone. Dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, which serves as a building block for the bitter acid, is generated via the deoxyxylulose pathway of terpenoid biosynthesis. The data confirm that a symmetrical intermediate is involved in humulone formation.
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