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  • Title: Neonatal and maternal complications among pregnant women delivered by vacuum extraction or forceps extraction.
    Author: Kovavisarach E, Varanuntakul T.
    Journal: J Med Assoc Thai; 1999 Apr; 82(4):319-24. PubMed ID: 10410490.
    Abstract:
    A historical cohort study was used to analyse the maternal and neonatal complications among pregnant women delivered by vacuum or forceps extraction at Rajavithi Hospital, 1994. The maternal complications (third and fourth degree of perineal tear and postpartum hemorrhage) were statistically significant more often in the forceps group than in the vacuum extraction group. But fetal complications (neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, low Apgar scores (< 7) at 1 and 5 minutes and the transfer to NICU) were statistically significant more often in the vacuum extraction group than in the forceps group.
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