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  • Title: Antibodies reactive with the cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan are present in sera from children with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection.
    Author: Abadi J, Pirofski La.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 1999 Sep; 180(3):915-9. PubMed ID: 10438394.
    Abstract:
    Antibodies reactive with the cryptococcal polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) are present in sera from both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected and -infected adults. However, the prevalence of these antibodies in US children is unknown. An antigen-capture ELISA was used to determine the presence, serotype specificity, isotype, and IgG subclass distribution of antibodies to GXM in sera from 27 HIV-uninfected and 34 HIV-infected children. The children were of similar age and socioeconomic background. IgG and IgM to GXM were present in sera from all children, although HIV-uninfected children had significantly higher titers. HIV-uninfected children had IgG1 and IgG2 to GXM and significantly greater IgG2 than in HIV-infected children. These findings of type-specific antibodies to GXM in early childhood suggest that exposure to or subclinical infection with Cryptococcus neoformans may be an early childhood event.
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