These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: Comparison of high and low doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for primary prevention of toxoplasmic encephalitis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
    Author: Ribera E, Fernandez-Sola A, Juste C, Rovira A, Romero FJ, Armadans-Gil L, Ruiz I, Ocaña I, Pahissa A.
    Journal: Clin Infect Dis; 1999 Dec; 29(6):1461-6. PubMed ID: 10585796.
    Abstract:
    To evaluate the influence of the dose of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis on the risk of toxoplasmosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, we performed a nested case-control study of 32 patients with toxoplasmosis (case patients) and 64 patients without toxoplasmosis (control patients) who were matched by CD4 cell count and Toxoplasma gondii serostatus; these patients were from a cohort of 521 HIV-infected patients who underwent a diagnostic neuroimaging study between March 1993 and January 1997. Twenty-seven (84.4%) of 32 case patients and 33 (51.6%) of 64 control patients received low doses of co-trimoxazole, a finding associated with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 9.36 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.05-42.75) and indicating 89% protective efficacy for high doses. Fifteen (46.9%) of 32 case patients and 16 (25%) of 64 control patients were exposed to rifampin (adjusted OR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.08-10.61). These results indicate that high doses of co-trimoxazole appear to be more effective than low doses for lowering the risk of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients and that rifampin therapy may reduce the efficacy of co-trimoxazole.
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]