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  • Title: Major related sets of antibiotic-resistant Pneumococci in the United States as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and pbp1a-pbp2b-pbp2x-dhf restriction profiles.
    Author: Gherardi G, Whitney CG, Facklam RR, Beall B.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2000 Jan; 181(1):216-29. PubMed ID: 10608770.
    Abstract:
    To assess the genetic diversity of pneumococci causing serious disease within the United States, restriction profiles of 3 penicillin-binding protein (PBP)-gene amplicons and the dhf amplicon were examined in 241 recent sterile-site isolates from 7 population centers. This analysis provided markers useful for epidemiologic studies and was generally predictive of resistances to beta-lactam antibiotics and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Eight pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types, each representing 3-40 isolates, accounted for 134 of the 144 beta-lactam-resistant pneumococci (MICs >/=1 microgram/mL for penicillin, cefotaxime, or both). Five of these PFGE types contained subtypes highly related to subtypes of previously characterized pneumococcal clones. Within 4 of these PFGE types, the major composite PBP gene-dhf profile was highly related to the composite profile from the previously characterized related clone. Eight capsular serotypes were found among the 144 beta-lactam-resistant pneumococci. Divergent capsular types among isolates with identical PBP gene-dhf profiles and related PFGE types indicated several instances of capsular serotype switching.
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