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  • Title: [Anatomical study of the distal tendon of the brachial biceps muscle. Application to biceps-triceps transfer in tetraplegic patients].
    Author: Bottero L, Revol M, Servant JM.
    Journal: Ann Chir Plast Esthet; 1999 Oct; 44(5):541-4. PubMed ID: 10609377.
    Abstract:
    In some cases of biceps-to-triceps transfer the muscle fibres of the biceps are inserted very distally, preventing correct setting of the transfer. A knowledge of the anatomy of the intramuscular part of the distal tendon of the biceps is useful to lengthen this tendon proximally. A study of 40 specimens showed that the intramuscular part of the distal tendon of the biceps is a large flattened lozenge-shaped aponeurosis located in a frontal plane. It receives muscle fibre insertions on both aspects. The length of the invisible part of the tendon can be estimated by a simple formula: 0.55 a + 4 cm, where "a" represents the length of the tendon between the most proximal tendinous point visible, and the most distal muscle point visible.
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