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  • Title: Rectal and vaginal immunization with a macromolecular multicomponent peptide vaccine candidate for HIV-1 infection induces HIV-specific protective immune responses.
    Author: Kato H, Bukawa H, Hagiwara E, Xin KQ, Hamajima K, Kawamoto S, Sugiyama M, Sugiyama M, Noda E, Nishizaki M, Okuda K.
    Journal: Vaccine; 2000 Jan 18; 18(13):1151-60. PubMed ID: 10649615.
    Abstract:
    An effective vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is needed to stimulate the immune response of the genital mucus to prevent mucosal transmission of the virus. We have developed a macromolecular multicomponent peptide vaccine candidate, VC1. Both rectal and vaginal immunization of VC1 mixed with cholera toxin (CT) induced HIV-1-specific IgA antibody in mouse fecal extract solution and vaginal wash. These antibody productions were enhanced by the combination with IL-4 or GM-CSF expressing plasmids. Either fecal extract or vaginal wash solution from immunized mice inhibited production of HIV-1IIIB p24 protein. The mononuclear cells from spleen, intestinal lymph nodes, or Peyer's patches from VC1- and CT-immunized mice released IFN-gamma or IL-4, when these cells were co-cultured with VC1 antigen. In addition, the regional lymphoid cells from rectal and vaginal region of mice immunized with VC1 and CT also elicited a substantial level of HIV-1-specific cytotoxic T cell (CTL) response. This CTL response was enhanced by the addition of IL-12 expressing plasmid. Our results clearly demonstrated that both rectal and vaginal immunization could induce systemic and mucosal immunities specific for HIV-1.
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