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  • Title: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G polymorphism, coronary thrombosis, and myocardial infarction in middle-aged Finnish men who died suddenly.
    Author: Mikkelsson J, Perola M, Wartiovaara U, Peltonen L, Palotie A, Penttilä A, Karhunen PJ.
    Journal: Thromb Haemost; 2000 Jul; 84(1):78-82. PubMed ID: 10928474.
    Abstract:
    High plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plasma levels increase future risk of myocardial infarction (MI). The 4G allele of the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene has been associated with increased plasma levels of PAI-1. The association of the PAI-1 polymorphism with coronary narrowings, coronary thrombosis and myocardial infarction (MI) was studied in a prospective autopsy series of 300 middle-aged Caucasian Finnish men (33 to 69 yrs) suffering sudden out-of-hospital death (Helsinki Sudden Death Study). The 4G allele was found in 76.8% of men with sudden cardiac death (SCD) compared to 67.5% in men who died accidentally and 63.2% in men who died of other diseases (p = 0.08 and p = 0.055, respectively). Men possessing the 4G allele had more often acute MI (OR 3.5; p <0.05) and coronary thrombosis (OR 5.5. p = 0.01) compared to 5G homozygotes. 5G homozygotes, comprising one third of the men in our study, seem to be at a decreased risk of thrombosis, whereas carriers of the common 4G allele have an increased risk of thrombosis, AMI and possibly SCD compared to 5G homozygotes.
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