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  • Title: A multicenter long-term safety and efficacy trial of preterm formula supplemented with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.
    Author: Vanderhoof J, Gross S, Hegyi T.
    Journal: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr; 2000 Aug; 31(2):121-7. PubMed ID: 10941962.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The tissue accretion of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids is compromised in infants born prematurely. Human milk contains long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, but most preterm infant formulas do not. The long-term effects of preterm formula supplemented with arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in proportions typical of those in human milk, were therefore investigated. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized study, 288 preterm infants received experimental formula (n = 77), unsupplemented (control) formula (n = 78), or human milk (n = 133) until 48 weeks postconceptional age (PCA). Term formula, without supplemental long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, was administered from 48 to 92 weeks PCA to formula-fed infants and to infants weaned from human milk. Anthropometric and fatty acid data were assessed by using analysis of variance. RESULTS: At 92 weeks PCA, no statistically significant anthropometric measurement differences were found except for midarm circumference, which was smaller in human milk-fed infants than in those fed formula. Phospholipid concentrations were similar in the experimental and human milk-fed groups, and docosahexaenoic acid levels were significantly greater than in the control group. The types and incidences of adverse events were similar among the feeding groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy and long-term safety of preterm formula supplemented with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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