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  • Title: A selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) modulator blocks adipocyte differentiation but stimulates glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
    Author: Mukherjee R, Hoener PA, Jow L, Bilakovics J, Klausing K, Mais DE, Faulkner A, Croston GE, Paterniti JR.
    Journal: Mol Endocrinol; 2000 Sep; 14(9):1425-33. PubMed ID: 10976920.
    Abstract:
    Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) agonists such as the thiazolidinediones are insulin sensitizers used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. These compounds induce adipogenesis in cell culture models and increase weight gain in rodents and humans. We have identified a novel PPARgamma ligand, LG100641, that does not activate PPARgamma but selectively and competitively blocks thiazolidinedione-induced PPARgamma activation and adipocyte conversion. It also antagonizes target gene activation as well as repression in agonist-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. This novel PPARgamma antagonist does not block adipocyte differentiation induced by a ligand for the retinoid X receptor (RXR), the heterodimeric partner for PPARgamma, or by a differentiation cocktail containing insulin, dexamethasone, and 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine. Surprisingly, LG100641, like the PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone, increases glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Such selective PPARgamma antagonists may help determine whether insulin sensitization by thiazolidinediones is mediated solely through PPARgamma activation, and whether there are PPARgamma-ligand-independent pathways for adipocyte differentiation. If selective PPARgamma modulators block adipogenesis in vivo, they may prevent obesity, lower insulin resistance, and delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.
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