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  • Title: Innervation of the rat pineal gland by PACAP-immunoreactive nerve fibers originating in the trigeminal ganglion: a degeneration study.
    Author: Liu W, Møller M.
    Journal: Cell Tissue Res; 2000 Sep; 301(3):369-73. PubMed ID: 10994782.
    Abstract:
    In order to establish that the pineal gland is innervated by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)-immunoreactive nerve fibers originating in the trigeminal ganglion, ophthalmic and maxillary nerves were transected by using a subtemporal fossa approach. The number of PACAP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the pineal gland of rats with a total transection of the nerve was compared with that of rats without surgery. In the operated rat, PACAP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the superficial pineal decreased remarkably, indicating that the trigeminal ganglion was the origin of these nerve fibers. This research provides evidence supporting the hypothesis that PACAP-immunoreactive nerves regulate the synthesis and/or secretion of melatonin in the pineal gland.
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