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  • Title: Estrogen modulation of gonadotrophin release.
    Author: Shaw RW.
    Journal: Proc R Soc Med; 1975 Feb; 68(2):73-5. PubMed ID: 1101269.
    Abstract:
    The effects of estrogen upon gonadoptropin release in vivo in the human female were studied by testing the pipuitary's response to a standard dose of synthetic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) in differing steroid environments and by injecting estrogens upon spontaneous LH and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) release in various clinical states. 100 mcg LH-RH was administered iv on Days 4, 9, 14 and 22 of the same cycle. LH response was greatest on Day 14 and was greater on Day 22 than on Day 4 or 9. .5-2.5 mg estradiol benzoate was administered im during the follicular phase of normal cycles to measure the effects of LH-RH before and 48 hours after estrogen injection. An increase in LH and FSH release was observed. Levels of estradiol peaked 8-24 hours after the im injection of 2 mg estradiol benzoate in 6 normal women but returned to near basal levels after 56-72 hours. When 14 patients with amenorrhoea of hypothalamic origin received 1 mg estradiol benzoate im, 6 patients were capable of producing positive feedback release of LH but only 3 showed accompanying FSH surges. These 6 patients ovulated but the other 8 did not, although given doses of clomiphene up to 200 mg daily for 5 days. Changing estrogen levels modulated LH and FSH secretion by means of negative and positive feedback and increased estrogen levels appeared to modify pituitary responsiveness to LH-RH.
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