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  • Title: Addicted and nonaddicted drug users. A comparison of drug usage patterns.
    Author: Nace EP, Meyers AL, Rothberg JM, Maleson F.
    Journal: Arch Gen Psychiatry; 1975 Jan; 32(1):77-80. PubMed ID: 1111478.
    Abstract:
    Adetailed analysis of drug usage patterns of 101 multidrug-using soldiers disclosed little differentiation between individuals with a history of heroin addiction (N=68) from demographically similar multidrug-using (but nonaddicted) peers (N=33). Prior to the onset of herion addiction, relatively few differences in drug usage patterns emerged between the two groups, and what differences there were indicated more extensive drug use and a more rapid progression of drug use among the nonaddicted users. A "stepping-stone hypothesis" of heroin addiction is refuted by these data. Differences in drug use emerge after the intiation of heroin. Within a few months after first heroin use, those who did not become addicted returned to their preheroin experimentation levels of drug taking while the addicted group maintained an escalating pattern of opiate use.
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