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  • Title: Differential effects of bcl-2 on cell death triggered under ATP-depleting conditions.
    Author: Single B, Leist M, Nicotera P.
    Journal: Exp Cell Res; 2001 Jan 01; 262(1):8-16. PubMed ID: 11120600.
    Abstract:
    The intracellular ATP concentration decides on the onset of either apoptosis or necrosis in Jurkat cells exposed to death stimuli. Bcl-2 can block apoptotic demise, which occurs preferably under conditions of high cellular ATP levels. Here, we investigated the effects of Bcl-2 on the necrotic type of cell demise that prevails under conditions of energy loss. ATP levels were modulated by using mitochondrial inhibitors, such as rotenone or S-nitrosoglutathione, in medium either lacking glucose or supplemented with glucose to stimulate glycolytic ATP generation. Under conditions of ATP depletion, staurosporine (STS) induced >90% necrosis in vector control-transfected cells, whereas bcl-2-transfected cells were protected. Thus, the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 can reduce the overall amount of cell death in ATP-depleted cells regardless whether it occurs by apoptosis or necrosis. Cytochrome c release, normally preceding STS-induced necrosis, was also inhibited by Bcl-2. However, Bcl-2 did not prevent an initial STS-induced drop of the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)). Therefore, the mechanisms whereby Bcl-2 prevents cell death and favors retention of cytochrome c in the mitochondria require neither the maintenance of mitochondrial DeltaPsi nor the maintenance of normal ATP levels.
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