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  • Title: BID-dependent and BID-independent pathways for BAX insertion into mitochondria.
    Author: Ruffolo SC, Breckenridge DG, Nguyen M, Goping IS, Gross A, Korsmeyer SJ, Li H, Yuan J, Shore GC.
    Journal: Cell Death Differ; 2000 Nov; 7(11):1101-8. PubMed ID: 11139284.
    Abstract:
    In the absence of an apoptotic signal, BAX adopts a conformation that constrains the protein from integrating into mitochondrial membranes. Here, we show that caspases, including caspase-8, can initiate BAX insertion into mitochondria in vivo and in vitro. The cleavage product of caspase-8, tBID, induced insertion of BAX into mitochondria in vivo, and reconstitution in vitro showed that tBID, either directly or indirectly, relieved inhibition of the BAX transmembrane signal-anchor by the NH2-terminal domain, resulting in integration of BAX into mitochondrial membrane. In contrast to these findings, however, Bid-null mouse embryo fibroblasts supported Bax insertion into mitochondria in response to death signaling by either TNFalpha or E1A, despite the fact that cytochrome c release from the organelle was inhibited. We conclude, therefore, that a parallel Bid-independent pathway exists in these cells for mitochondrial insertion of Bax and that, in the absence of Bid, cytochrome c release can be uncoupled from Bax membrane insertion.
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