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  • Title: Embryonic development of the central projection of auditory afferents (Schistocerca gregaria, Orthoptera, Insecta).
    Author: Schäffer S, Lakes-Harlan R.
    Journal: J Neurobiol; 2001 Feb 05; 46(2):97-112. PubMed ID: 11153012.
    Abstract:
    The auditory system of Schistocerca gregaria is a well investigated sensory network in the adult grasshopper. Here we present a first study on the embryonic development of this neuronal network. Focussing on the auditory receptor cells we show that they differentiate axonal processes at around 45% of embryonic development. These axons fasciculate with the intersegmental nerve and enter the central nervous system by 45-50% of development. First collaterals sprout into the major arborization area, the frontal auditory projection area of the metathoracic ganglion by 60%. This projection increases in density until an adult-like morphology is established by 90% of development. Furthermore, by the end of embryogenesis all three types of receptor fiber projections can be distinguished. This development is independent of a hearing ability, which develops much later during postembryonic life. The auditory projection co-develops with the fusion of neuromeres to the metathoracic ganglion, the formation of the target neuropile areas and the expression of the synapse associated molecule synapsin. Fasciclin I and Lachesin, both potential axon-guidance molecules, are expressed strongly on both, peripheral and central auditory pathways and, although much weaker, within the synaptic target area.
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