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  • Title: Different clinical characteristics of aminoglycoside-induced profound deafness with and without the 1555 A-->G mitochondrial mutation.
    Author: Tono T, Kiyomizu K, Matsuda K, Komune S, Usami S, Abe S, Shinkawa H.
    Journal: ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec; 2001; 63(1):25-30. PubMed ID: 11174059.
    Abstract:
    Recent genetic studies have shown that hereditary susceptibility to aminoglycoside antibiotics is caused by the 1555 A-->G mitochondrial mutation. We found the 1555 mutation in 4 out of 68 postlingual deaf patients who were candidates for cochlear implantation. All 4 patients developed bilateral profound hearing loss following administration of aminoglycosides. The pedigree of the family shows exclusively maternal transmission of hearing impairment in each case. On comparison with neuro-otological findings from aminoglycoside-induced deaf patients without the 1555 mutation, four distinct characteristics were noted: (1) a progressive nature of hearing loss; (2) better residual pure-tone thresholds; (3) lower thresholds for electrical promontory stimulation, and (4) well-preserved vestibular function. Although other factors such as differing dosages and/or administration routes may also be involved, profound hearing loss associated with the 1555 mutation may be due to a different pathogenic mechanism, i.e., strial dysfunction rather than a direct insult to the hair cells.
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