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  • Title: Teacher reports of DSM-IV ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms in schoolchildren.
    Author: Nolan EE, Gadow KD, Sprafkin J.
    Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry; 2001 Feb; 40(2):241-9. PubMed ID: 11211374.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence of DSM-IV symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder and age, gender, and comorbidity differences between ADHD subtypes. METHOD: Teachers completed a DSM-IV-referenced symptom inventory for 3,006 schoolchildren aged between 3 and 18 years. RESULTS: The screening prevalence rate of ADHD behaviors was 15.8%; rates for individual subtypes were 9.9% for inattentive, 2.4% for hyperactive-impulsive, and 3.6% for combined. The inattentive type was relatively uncommon in preschool children (3.9%), whereas the hyperactive-impulsive type was least common in teenagers (0.8%). Screening prevalence rates were higher for African-American (39.5%) than white (14.2%) students, but did not vary significantly (p < .05) as a function of geographic region or socioeconomic status. ADHD subtypes were rated as more impaired than the non-ADHD group on most measures and were easily differentiated on the basis of comorbid symptoms, social skills impairment, and special education services. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this and similar studies show relatively high convergence for the prevalence of ADHD behaviors and differences between ADHD subtypes.
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