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  • Title: Avascular necrosis of the proximal end of the dens. A complication of halo-pelvic distraction.
    Author: Tredwell SJ, O'Brien JP.
    Journal: J Bone Joint Surg Am; 1975 Apr; 57(3):332-6. PubMed ID: 1123386.
    Abstract:
    Roentgenographic evidence of avascular necrosis of the upper part of the dens was observed in thirteen of ninety-four patients treated for tuberculous kyphosis or non-tuberculous scoliosis using halo-pelvic distraction. Four patients had some residual loss of motion. A significant relationship was demonstrated between avascular necrosis and the amount of distraction visible on roentgenograms.
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