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  • Title: Er:YAG laser skin resurfacing using repetitive long-pulse exposure and cryogen spray cooling: I. Histological study.
    Author: Majaron B, Kelly KM, Park HB, Verkruysse W, Nelson JS.
    Journal: Lasers Surg Med; 2001; 28(2):121-30. PubMed ID: 11241517.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate histologically the characteristics of repetitive Er:YAG laser exposure of skin in combination with cryogen spray cooling (CSC), and its potential as a method of laser skin resurfacing. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rat skin was irradiated in vivo with sequences of 10 Er:YAG laser pulses (repetition rate 20 Hz, pulse duration 150 or 550 micros, single-pulse fluence 1.3-5.2 J/cm(2)). In some examples, CSC was applied to reduce epidermal injury. Histologic evaluation was performed 1 hour, 1 day, 5 days, and 4 weeks post-irradiation. RESULTS: A sequence of ten 550-micros pulses with fluences around 2 J/cm(2) resulted in acute dermal collagen coagulation to a depth of approximately 250 microm, without complete epidermal ablation. CSC improved epidermal preservation, but also diminished the coagulation depth. Four weeks after irradiation, neo-collagen formation was observed to depths in excess of 100 microm. CONCLUSIONS: Dermal collagen coagulation and neo-collagen formation to depths similar to those observed after CO(2) laser resurfacing can be achieved without complete ablation of the epidermis by rapidly stacking long Er:YAG laser pulses. Application of CSC does not offer significant epidermal protection for a given dermal coagulation depth.
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