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  • Title: Body iodine status in school children and availability of iodised salt in Calcutta.
    Author: Sinha RK, Bhattacharya A, Roy BK, Saha SK, Nandy P, Doloi M, Chauduri D.
    Journal: Indian J Public Health; 1999; 43(1):42-8. PubMed ID: 11243088.
    Abstract:
    Success of Universal Salt Iodization (USI) programme depends on availability of iodised salt to consumers, which should be reflected in their body iodine status. From a monitoring study in Calcutta, it was found that all packed salts were iodised and most of them (98.1% at household level and 93.6% at retailers' outlets) had iodine at a level of > or = 15 ppm. Of the loose salts, 34.6% at household level and 19.9% at retailers' outlet had iodine level < 15 ppm. A few number (0.5% at household level and 1.0% at retailers' outlets) of salts had no iodine. To ascertain the impact of consumption of iodised salt iodine excreted in urine (UIE) was measured in school children of age between 8-12 years of south, east, west, north and central parts of Calcutta. 22.95% of male children and 31.81% of female children had urinary iodine level less than 50 micrograms/l, which is cut off figure of public health concern. Children from poor slum areas were found to be at greater risk. This paper presents a monitoring study on the availability of iodized salt at retailers' outlets and at the household level in Calcutta, as well as the impact of its consumption among school children aged 8-12 years. The children were physically examined for 3 grades of goiter. Urine samples were collected to estimate iodine excretion. Various types of salts were gathered from retailers' outlets located within a 0.5 km radius of the school that the children attended. Spot test kit and iodimetric titration methods were used in monitoring the availability of iodized salt. Results showed that all packed salts were iodized and that a majority of them (98.1% at the household level and 93.6% at the retailers' outlet level) had iodine levels of 15 ppm or higher. Only a small percentage of salts (0.5% at the household level and 1.0% at the retailers' outlet level) had no iodine content. As to the urinary iodine content among school children, 22.95% of males and 31.81% of females had urinary iodine level less than 50 mcg/l. 77% of male children and 69% of female children had satisfactory urinary iodine levels (50 mcg/l). The results confirmed the success of the Universal Salt Iodization (USI) program with regard to the availability of iodized salt.
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