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  • Title: Frequencies of neuroantigen-specific T cells in the central nervous system versus the immune periphery during the course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.
    Author: Targoni OS, Baus J, Hofstetter HH, Hesse MD, Karulin AY, Boehm BO, Forsthuber TG, Lehmann PV.
    Journal: J Immunol; 2001 Apr 01; 166(7):4757-64. PubMed ID: 11254738.
    Abstract:
    Direct measurements of the frequency and the cytokine signature of the neuroantigen-specific effector cells in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) are a continuing challenge. This is true for lymphoid tissues, and more importantly, for the CNS itself. Using enzyme-linked immunospot analysis (ELISPOT) assays, we followed proteolipid protein (PLP) 139--151-specific T cells engaged by active immunization of SJL mice. The total numbers of PLP(139--151)-specific CD4 cells were highest before disease onset. At this time, these cells resided in lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues, but were not detected in the CNS. While the PLP(139--151)-specific cells reached high frequencies in the CNS during clinical EAE, in absolute numbers, less than 20% of them were present in the target organ, with the majority residing in the periphery throughout all stages of the disease. The numbers of PLP(139--151)-specific cells gradually declined in both compartments with time. While eventually this first wave of effector cells completely disappeared from the CNS, PLP(178--191)-specific cells became engaged, being detected first in the CNS. These data suggest that throughout all stages of EAE, the effector cells in the CNS are recruited from a vast peripheral reservoir, and that the second wave of effector cells is engaged while the first wave undergoes exhaustion.
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