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  • Title: Patterns of cortical activity and memory performance in Alzheimer's disease.
    Author: Schröder J, Buchsbaum MS, Shihabuddin L, Tang C, Wei TC, Spiegel-Cohen J, Hazlett EA, Abel L, Luu-Hsia C, Ciaravolo TM, Marin D, Davis KL.
    Journal: Biol Psychiatry; 2001 Mar 01; 49(5):426-36. PubMed ID: 11274654.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Declarative memory changes are the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, although their functional neuroanatomy is not restricted to a single structure. Factor analysis provides statistical methods for evaluating patterns of cerebral changes in regional glucose uptake. METHODS: Thirty-three Alzheimer's patients and 33 age- and gender-matched control subjects were studied with magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography with [(18)F] deoxyglucose. During the tracer-uptake period, subjects performed a serial verbal learning task. Cortical activity was measured in 32 regions of interest, four in each lobe on both hemispheres. RESULTS: Factor analysis with varimax rotation identified seven factors explaining 80% of the variance ("parietal cortex," "occipital cortex," "right temporo-prefrontal areas," "frontal cortex," "motor strip," "left temporal cortex," and "posterior temporal cortex"). Relative to control subjects, Alzheimer's patients showed significantly reduced values on the factors occipital cortex, right temporo-prefrontal areas, frontal cortex, and left temporal cortex. The factor temporo-prefrontal areas showed large differences between patients with good and poor performance, but little difference when control subjects were similarly divided. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that Alzheimer's disease is characterized by altered patterns of cortical activity, rather than deficits in a single location, and emphasize the importance of right temporo-prefrontal circuitry for understanding memory deficits.
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