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  • Title: Nickel-titanium mandibular bonded lingual 3-3 retainer: for permanent retention and solving relapse of mandibular anterior crowding.
    Author: Liou EJ, Chen LI, Huang CS.
    Journal: Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop; 2001 Apr; 119(4):443-9. PubMed ID: 11298318.
    Abstract:
    An innovative technique that involves a nickel-titanium mandibular bonded lingual 3-3 retainer was used to treat relapse of mandibular anterior crowding. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate clinical procedures and to study the effects of a new mandibular bonded lingual 3-3 retainer on the mandibular dental arch. In 18 patients, changes in the irregularity index and in arch dimensions (intercanine width, arch length, and arch depth) were measured against the patients' mandibular dental casts, which were obtained at completion of the previous orthodontic treatment (T(0)). These measurements were taken at the beginning of retreatment (T(1)), and 2 (T(2)), 4 (T(3)), and 6 (T(4)) months after initiation of retreatment. During the period of relapse (T(0)-T(1)), the irregularity index increased from 1.3 to 3.5 mm and the mandibular arch dimensions decreased. Four months after a segment of.018-in nickel-titanium archwire was bonded lingually from canine to canine, the irregularity index decreased from 3.5 to 1.0 mm and the arch dimensions increased and recovered their original posttreatment dimensions. The nickel-titanium archwire was left in place for permanent retention after the period of retreatment. This simple technique effectively solved relapse of mandibular anterior crowding in 4 months. This mandibular bonded lingual 3-3 retainer could be used both actively, to re-treat mandibular anterior crowding without the use of lingual brackets, and passively, for maintenance as a bonded lingual retainer.
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