These tools will no longer be maintained as of December 31, 2024. Archived website can be found here. PubMed4Hh GitHub repository can be found here. Contact NLM Customer Service if you have questions.


Pubmed for Handhelds

PUBMED FOR HANDHELDS

Search MEDLINE/PubMed

  • Title: Retinoic acid administration is associated with changes in the extracellular matrix and cardiac mesenchyme within the endocardial cushion.
    Author: Yan M, Sinning AR.
    Journal: Anat Rec; 2001 May 01; 263(1):53-61. PubMed ID: 11331971.
    Abstract:
    Retinoic acid has been associated with a number of cardiac defects, some of which seem to be related to changes in the endocardial cushions. Studies in mice and older chick embryos have suggested that these defects may be associated with a decrease in mesenchymal cell formation within the cushion. In a previous report we showed that retinoic acid lowered the number of mesenchymal cells in a culture bioassay of mesenchyme formation and that this response was due to retinoic acid modifying the production of particulate matrix from the myocardium. In this study, we have extended these observations to the embryo by implanting a retinoic acid coated bead into the embryo and examined the effect on cardiac mesenchyme formation and in the production of the particulate matrix. In all cases the addition of retinoic acid resulted in a decrease in the number of mesenchymal cells invading the endocardial cushions. In addition retinoic acid increased the production of hLAMP-1 and fibronectin but not transferrin, confirming our earlier report. Finally, we measured the volume of the cushion and calculated the cell density of both the inferior and superior cushions. The results suggest that the superior cushion is more sensitive to retinoic acid treatment than the inferior cushion. Collectively, these results support our earlier work that suggests that the mechanism of retinoic acid cardiac abnormalities involves a disruption in the production of particulate matrix from the myocardium and a subsequent decrease in cardiac mesenchyme cells that results in a malformed cardiac cushions.
    [Abstract] [Full Text] [Related] [New Search]