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  • Title: Vertical changes in Class III patients after maxillary protraction with expansion in the primary and mixed dentitions.
    Author: Saadia M, Torres E.
    Journal: Pediatr Dent; 2001; 23(2):125-30. PubMed ID: 11340722.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: This study determined the vertical response of class III patients in the primary, mixed, and late mixed dentition phases fitted with a protraction mask and expansion. METHODS: The before and after cephalometric records of 112 patients divided by sex were analyzed at ages 3 to 6, > 6 to 9 and > 9 to 12 years to assess the vertical changes. Data was correlated by means of paired t tests and scheffe's multiple contrasts. The study showed: (1) descriptive statistics and the before and after results in males and females in the different age groups; (2) the changes in males and females disregarding age; and (3) the changes at the different ages disregarding gender. RESULTS: The main vertical changes in this study were seen in the FMA angle, GoGn to SN, Facial axis, and ANS-Me between the ages of 3 to 6 years. Between 6 to 9 years, a lesser significant opening existed and no significant change could be seen in the GoGn-SN angular measurement. Between 9 to 12 years all linear and angular measurements became non significant with the exception of ANS-Me. CONCLUSIONS: Class III corrections should be started as early as possible, once the diagnosis is made and cooperation allows it. Most of the changes were seen between the ages of 3 to 6 years. No significance was seen after the age of 9 years with the exception of ANS-Me in both males and females (P < 0.05). No differences were seen between males and females in all measurements at the different ages with the exception of occlusal plane to SN (P < 0.05) between 3 to 6 years. The vertical changes were mostly seen in the mandible with no direct benefit from the changes in the midfacial region.
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