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  • Title: Prevention of perinatal HIV infection: cause for optimism.
    Author: Lindsay MK.
    Journal: AIDS Clin Care; 1999 Dec; 11(12):95-7, 99, 102. PubMed ID: 11366712.
    Abstract:
    The number of perinatal AIDS cases in the United States decreased dramatically from 1985 to 1997. This public health success can be attributed to collaboration among researchers, clinicians, HIV-positive pregnant women, and advocacy groups, and to much greater knowledge about how HIV is transmitted from mothers to their infants. HIV transmission in this group can occur during the antepartum, intrapartum, or postpartum period. The strongest predictor of intrapartum transmission is maternal viral load. Antiretroviral regimens used to prevent transmission are described, including the ACTG 076 AZT regimen, abbreviated regimens, and combination therapy. The safety of anti-HIV drugs during pregnancy has not been well documented. Modified obstetrical practices, such as avoiding fetal scalp electrodes as well as artificial rupture of membranes, play a role in preventing HIV transmission during birth.
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