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  • Title: Mechanisms of twinning. I. Effect of environmental diversity on genetic expression in monozygotic multifetal pregnancies.
    Author: Steinman G.
    Journal: J Reprod Med; 2001 May; 46(5):467-72. PubMed ID: 11396374.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To examine, using fingerprint homology, the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in arriving at the final phenotypic expression in uniovular triplets, quadruplets and quintuplets. STUDY DESIGN: The fingerprints of several multifetal sets were collected and matched. A total of 250 fingers were printed. A comparison based on the classic dactylographic patterns was made. Zygosity of each set was known from placental chorionicity studies, as well as blood typing and physical similarities. RESULTS: As the monozygotic set size increased, the ipsilateral print concordance diminished. At one extreme, with twins there is 88% homology; at the other end, with quintuplets the correspondence is 71%. CONCLUSION: The overall trend of these results paralleled increasing intrauterine environmental diversity and tended to support the volar pad pressure hypothesis of prenatal fingerprint development.
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