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  • Title: [Polymorphism of pro12Ala in peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAgamma2): beta cell function and insulin sensitivity].
    Author: Fritsche A, Madaus A, Tschritter O, Ozeker M, Wulle EL, Machicao F, Häring H, Stumvoll M.
    Journal: Dtsch Med Wochenschr; 2001 May 18; 126(20):580-4. PubMed ID: 11402923.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor isoform gamma (PPAR gamma) is a key regulator in lipid and glucose homoeostasis. A common polymorphism (Pro12Ala in PPAR gamma 2, prevalence ca. 25%) was shown to be associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes. Generally, both beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the mechanism by which the Ala allele of this polymorphism contributes to the reduced risk for type 2 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 51 subjects without (Pro/Pro) and 26 subjects with this polymorphisms (X/Ala) (both groups non-diabetic) by a modified hyperglycaemic clamp which permitted determination of both insulin secretion (in response to glucose, GLP-1 and arginine) and insulin sensitivity. RESULTS: None of the various phases of insulin secretion was significantly different between the 2 genotype groups (all p values > 0.13). In contrast, insulin sensitivity was significantly greater in X/Ala (0.19 +/- 0.03 U) compared to Pro/Pro (0.14 +/- 0.01 U, p = 0.04). In a two-dimensional assessment of insulin sensitivity and secretion, the homozygous alanine carriers appeared to have the most favourable constellation. CONCLUSION: These simultaneously obtained data for insulin secretion and sensitivity strongly suggest that the mechanism by which the Ala allele contributes to a risk reduction for type 2 diabetes most likely involves an increase in insulin sensitivity.
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