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  • Title: [Detection of gangliosides in human milk with a high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)].
    Author: Pan X, Hua T, Wu Y.
    Journal: Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi; 2001 Mar; 35(2):111-3. PubMed ID: 11413682.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: To determine the ganglioside composition in human milk during lactation, and to evaluate the biological significance. METHODS: The gangliosides extracted from 68 milk samples were examined with a high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). RESULTS: The concentration of total lipid bound sialic acid was 7.8-10.4 microliters/ml. Four gangliosides were found and designated as GM3, GD3, GX1 and GX2, respectively. GX1 and GX2, which had not been described previously, were tentatively assumed to be gangliosides of the c-pathway because they did not react to the GA1 antibody after sialidase treatment. GD3 and GM3 were the major gangliosides in human milk (accounted for 50%-65%). CM3 decreased sharply at eight days postpartum. Both GM3 and GD3 changed significantly during lactation (GM3, r = 0.65, P < 0.01; GD3, r = -0.58, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Four gangliosides, GM3, GD3, GX1 and GX2 were found in human milk. Both GM3 and GD3 changed significantly during lactation.
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