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  • Title: Enhanced susceptibility to superantigen-associated streptococcal sepsis in human leukocyte antigen-DQ transgenic mice.
    Author: Sriskandan S, Unnikrishnan M, Krausz T, Dewchand H, Van Noorden S, Cohen J, Altmann DM.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2001 Jul 15; 184(2):166-73. PubMed ID: 11424013.
    Abstract:
    Bacterial superantigens are believed to cause septic shock, although, because of the lack of superantigen-sensitive infection models, proof that superantigenicity underlies shock pathogenesis is lacking. This work demonstrates a clear superantigen effect in septic shock resulting from bacterial infection. Transgenic expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ, but not HLA-DR, specifically augments lymphocyte responses to streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (SPEA). HLA-DQ transgenic mice had increased mortality after administration of SPEA or infection with Streptococcus pyogenes. Immune activation during infection was HLA-DQ transgene-dependent and was manifested by Vbeta-specific T cell repertoire changes and widespread lymphoblastic tissue infiltration. Unlike earlier models, which used toxin-induced shock, these T cell superantigen responses and lymphoblastoid changes were observed during invasive streptococcal sepsis. Lymphoid activation was undetectable in HLA-DQ mice infected with an isogenic SPEA(-) strain, which proves that a single superantigen can play a role in sepsis pathogenesis.
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