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  • Title: High prevalence of oncogenic human papillomavirus in the genital tract of women with human immunodeficiency virus.
    Author: Volkow P, Rubí S, Lizano M, Carrillo A, Vilar-Compte D, García-Carrancá A, Sotelo R, García B, Sierra-Madero J, Mohar A.
    Journal: Gynecol Oncol; 2001 Jul; 82(1):27-31. PubMed ID: 11426958.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Mexico. METHODS: Cases included women who were positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and accepted to participate. There were two control groups in this study: group A, heterosexual partners of HIV+ men; group B, commercial sex workers. Gynecologic examination was performed in all participants. Also, a cervical smear with colposcopy and a sample for detection of HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were obtained in all subjects, as were CD4+ counts. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence interval were calculated. RESULTS: Eighty-five HIV+ women agreed to participate in this study; the route of HIV infection was heterosexual in 78.8%; transfusion in 8.2%; paid donors in 3.5%; and 9.4% unknown. A total of 9 controls were included: 4 from group A and 5 from group B. HPV DNA was detected by PCR in 57 (69%) cases and in 26 (29%) controls from both groups (P < 0.0001). The RR of HPV infection was 5.5 (2.7-11.5). Also, a significant difference in the prevalence of high-risk HPV types was observed between cases and controls, RR = 12.8 (4.07-42.9). These associations were independent of CD4+ counts and antiretroviral therapy. No association was observed between HIV infection and the risk for high-grade SIL. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a high prevalence of oncogenic HPV types in HIV-positive women. These women should be screened regularly for early diagnosis of premalignant lesions and prevention of cervical cancer.
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