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  • Title: Transvenous embolization for vertebral arteriovenous fistula: report of two cases and technical notes.
    Author: Kai Y, Hamada JI, Mizuno T, Kochi M, Ushio Y, Kitano I.
    Journal: Acta Neurochir (Wien); 2001; 143(2):125-8. PubMed ID: 11459082.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Vertebral arteriovenous fistulas are relatively rare. Although the common treatment is transarterial embolization, it may be impossible to pass through the fistula (e.g. a microfistula created by a needle puncture). We report two patients with vertebral arteriovenous fistulas due to penetrating trauma who were successfully treated by transvenous embolization. METHOD: We present 2 patients with vertebral arteriovenous fistulas. One patient is presented to demonstrate complications following attempted internal jugular cannulation and the other is presented to demonstrate complications after surgery for a jugular foramen neurinoma. Both patients manifested the sign of a severe bruit. FINDINGS: To identify the fistula point, simultaneous transarterial and transvenous angiography was performed. Using the transvenous approach, microcoils were applied to the fistula and the bruit completely disappeared. Interpretation. Transvenous embolization is a useful technique and a first-choice strategy to treat patients with the vertebral arteriovenous fistula due to penetrating trauma.
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