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  • Title: Ureter duplication and polar renal arteries in the same case.
    Author: Turgut HB, Peker T, Anil A, Karaköse M.
    Journal: Kaibogaku Zasshi; 2001 Jun; 76(3):293-6. PubMed ID: 11494514.
    Abstract:
    During cadaver dissection for student education in the anatomy laboratory of Gazi University Medical School, anomalies of the upper and lower polar artery were observed on the left kidney besides bilateral ureter duplication in a 65 year old male cadaver. On the right side the duplication was incomplete, starting from two separate renal pelvises, joining at the medial border of psoas major muscle and terminating as a single specify at the level of urine bladder. On the left side the duplication was complete. The ureters started from two different renal pelvises and terminated separately. In addition, two polar arteries were observed on the left kidney besides the normal renal artery in the same case. The upper polar artery arose just at the beginning of left renal artery and the lower one arose directly from the lateral wall of abdominal aorta. Due to the surgical and radiological significance of the variations they presented, we compared them with the other studies on this subject.
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