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  • Title: Incorporating biologically based models into assessments of risk from chemical contaminants.
    Author: Bull RJ, Conolly RB, De Marini DM, MacPhail RC, Ohanian EV, Swenberg JA.
    Journal: J Am Water Works Assoc; 1993 Mar; 85(3):49-52. PubMed ID: 11538064.
    Abstract:
    The general approach to assessment of risk from chemical contaminants in drinking water involves three steps: hazard identification, exposure assessment, and dose-response assessment. Traditionally, the risks to humans associated with different levels of a chemical have been derived from the toxic responses observed in animals. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that further information is needed if risks to humans are to be assessed accurately. Biologically based models help clarify the dose-response relationship and reduce uncertainty.
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