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  • Title: Vein size in intact and hysterectomized mice during the estrous cycle and pregnancy.
    Author: Forbes TR, Taku E.
    Journal: Anat Rec; 1975 May; 182(1):61-5. PubMed ID: 1155791.
    Abstract:
    The diameters of the ovarian, uterine, and femoral veins and the inferior vena cava were measured during stages of the estrous cycle in intact and hysterectomized mice and at intervals during pregnancy in mice with embryos in both uterine horns or in only the left horn. At metestrus I vein sizes were the least and were not significantly different in intact and hysterectomized mice. Ovarian and uterine veins showed the same or increased diameters at other stages of the cycle; veins enlarged progressively during pregnancy in intact mice. Non-gravid uterine horns showed little size increase as compared to gravid horns. Increases in vein diameter appeared to be correlated with local production of reproductive hormones. Evidence for transuterine migration of embryos was observed in 21 of 53 mice in which one uterine tube had been ligated or one ovary had been removed. Diameter measurements were taken in an investigation to determine the role of endogenous female sex hormones in effecting changes in the diameter of the ovarian, uterine and femoral veins and inferior vena cava during various stages of the estrous cycle in intact and hysterectomized mice and at intervals during pregnancy in mice with embryos in both uterine horns or in only the left horn. At metestrus 1 vein sizes were the least and were not significantly different in intact and hysterectomized mice. At other stages ovarian and uterine veins showed the same or increased diameters. Progressive venous enlargement during pregnancy occurred in intact mice. When compared to gravid horns, non-gravid uterine horns showed little size increase. Results of the study suggest that a correlation exists between localized activity of reproductive hormones and regulation of blood vessel size. The incidence of transuterine migration of embryos occurred in 21 of the 53 pregnant mice with unilateral tubal ligations or ovariectomies. In those 12 mice without embryos in the right uterine horn following right ovariectomy either failure of migration to occur or lack of sufficient local hormone permitted proper embryonic implantation and maintenance.
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