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  • Title: The effects of cosmic particle radiation on pocket mice aboard Apollo XVII: XII. Results of examination of the calvarium, brain, and meninges.
    Author: Haymaker W, Zeman W, Turnbill CE, Clayton RK, Bailey OT, Samorajski T, Vogel FS, Lloyd B, Cruty MR, Benton EV, Kraft LM.
    Journal: Aviat Space Environ Med; 1975 Apr; 46(4 Sec 2):613-25. PubMed ID: 1156277.
    Abstract:
    Tissue reactions were found around the monitor (dosimeter) assemblies that had been implanted beneath the scalp of the five pocket mice that flew on Apollo XVII. Mitosis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation was considerably reduced in comparison with that in control animals. Otherwise the brain tissue as well as the menings in the flight animals appeared unaltered. Since the animals were exposed primarily to high Z-high energy (HZE) cosmic ray particles at the lower end of the high LET spectrum, the lack of changes in the brain cannot be taken as evidence that the brain will suffer no damage from the heavier HZE particles on prolonged manned missions.
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