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  • Title: The renal effects of Bothrops jararacussu venom and the role of PLA(2) and PAF blockers.
    Author: Havt A, Fonteles MC, Monteiro HS.
    Journal: Toxicon; 2001 Dec; 39(12):1841-6. PubMed ID: 11600146.
    Abstract:
    The most common complication in the lethal cases of ophidian bites in Brazil is acute renal failure, but its pathogenesis is obscure. The effects of Bothrops jararacussu venom (3, 10 and 30 microg/ml) were examined using the isolated perfused kidney from Wistar rats. Dexamethasone, and WEB 2086, a triazolobenzodiazepine substance, which is a platelet activating factor receptor antagonist, were tested for a possible blockade of the renal effects in the presence of 10 microg/ml of venom. The most intense effects of the venom were noticed at 120 min after using 30 microg/ml. We observed a decrease in the perfusion pressure and in the renal vascular resistance. However, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the urinary flow (UF) increased significantly. The percent of sodium (%Na(tot)(+)) and potassium (%K(tot)(+)) tubular transport were also decreased. Dexamethasone was unable to block the effects of B. jararacussu in the kidney, while WEB 2086 blocked its effect in glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow and in the percentage of total tubular potassium reabsorption. We suggest that this venom promotes diuresis independently of perfusion pressure drop. The alterations in GFR, UF and %K(tot)(+) are probably mediated by platelet activating factor. Dexamethasone did not block the renal effects maybe because of the concentration used in this work or maybe the renal effects are promoted by the myotoxin, which does not have PLA(2) activity.
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