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  • Title: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag-specific vaginal immunity and protection after local immunizations with sindbis virus-based replicon particles.
    Author: Vajdy M, Gardner J, Neidleman J, Cuadra L, Greer C, Perri S, O'Hagan D, Polo JM.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2001 Dec 15; 184(12):1613-6. PubMed ID: 11740739.
    Abstract:
    The majority of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections occur through vaginal and rectal transmission. In seeking a safe, nonreplicating gene-delivery vector that can induce mucosal and systemic immune responses and protection, Sindbis virus-based replicon particles expressing HIV-1 Gag (SIN-Gag) were developed. In mice, after nasal or intramuscular immunization with SIN-Gag and vaginal challenge with vaccinia virus (VV) expressing HIV-1 Gag (VV-Gag), CD8(+) T cell-mediated responses were detected locally, in the vaginal mucosa and in the draining iliac lymph nodes (ILNs), and systemically, in the spleen. However, the mice were not protected against VV-Gag replication in the ovaries. In contrast, after vaginal or rectal immunization with SIN-Gag and vaginal challenge with VV-Gag, despite lower local CD8(+) T cell-mediated responses in the vaginal mucosa and ILNs, the mice were protected against VV-Gag replication in the ovaries. Therefore, local immunization with SIN-Gag induced both local mucosal cell-mediated responses and protection.
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