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  • Title: Dosage compensation: do birds do it as well?
    Author: Ellegren H.
    Journal: Trends Genet; 2002 Jan; 18(1):25-8. PubMed ID: 11750697.
    Abstract:
    In birds males carry ZZ and females ZW sex chromosomes, and it has been proposed that there is no dosage compensation in the expression of sex-linked genes. However, recent data suggest the opposite, indicating that male and female birds might demonstrate similar levels of expression of Z-linked genes. If they do, the equalization between the sexes is probably not achieved by inactivation of one of the male Z chromosomes. Other possible mechanisms include the transcription of Z-linked genes being upregulated in females or downregulated in males, or equalization at the translation stage in either sex. A recently identified hypermethylated region on the Z chromosome, with similarities to the X inactivation centre on the mammalian X chromosome, might play a part in this process or have a role in avian sex determination.
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