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  • Title: Antitussive drugs. I. Cardiopulmonary effects of codeine.
    Author: Bianchi A, Aviado DM.
    Journal: Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther; 1975 Aug; 216(2):208-15. PubMed ID: 1180614.
    Abstract:
    In the anesthetized dog, codeine causes a combination of pulmonary vasoconstriction and systemic vasodilation. Pulmonary blood flow is either increased or decreased, relating to a primary stimulation or depression of myocardial contractility. The overall effect is an elevation in pulmonary arterial pressure largely due to vasoconstriction of the pulmonary blood vessels.
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