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  • Title: Mental set can modulate response onset in the lower limb muscles to falls in humans.
    Author: Fu SN, Hui-Chan CW.
    Journal: Neurosci Lett; 2002 Mar 15; 321(1-2):77-80. PubMed ID: 11872261.
    Abstract:
    The objective of this study was to investigate the modulation of the ankle muscle electromyographic (EMG) response as a function of mental set. Thirteen young healthy subjects underwent 40 unexpected and self-initiated drops from 30 cm above two separate force-plates. Following unexpected drops, reflex activities were observed in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) and tibialis anterior (TA) at mean latencies (+/- SD) of 83.59 +/- 10.1 and 99.43 +/- 21.82 ms, respectively. Following self-initiated drops, the response latency of the MG was significantly shortened (to 71.98 +/- 10 ms, P<0.05), and the TA was significantly lengthened (to 183.33 +/- 45 ms, P<0.05) when compared with unexpected drops. Such a modulation was associated with a significant reduction of the impact force on landing as compared with unexpected drops (by 17%, P<0.05). Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between the onset of the TA EMG response and the magnitude of the impact force on landing during expected (r= -0.66, P<0.05) but not unexpected drops.
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