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  • Title: Cytokine pattern in postmenopause.
    Author: Cioffi M, Esposito K, Vietri MT, Gazzerro P, D'Auria A, Ardovino I, Puca GA, Molinari AM.
    Journal: Maturitas; 2002 Mar 25; 41(3):187-92. PubMed ID: 11886764.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the pattern of serum cytokine production in postmenopausal women and the relationship with the hormonal status. A group of fertile women served as controls. METHODS: Eighty-two women in apparent good health, non-smokers and without a history of hormone replacement therapy, were enrolled for the study. The women were divided in two groups according to their hormonal status: fertile women (n=34, age 32 +/- 7 years) and postmenopausal women (n=48, age 54 +/- 8 years). Blood samples were withdrawn in the morning, after an overnight fast. RESULTS: Sex hormones (LH, FSH, Estradiol, Progesterone, DHEA, DHEA-S), as well as GH and IGF-1 levels, were significantly higher in the serum of fertile women as compared with their postmenopausal counterparts. Unlike IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-gamma, significant differences were observed in serum IL-6, IL-18, TNFalpha and TNFbeta between groups: both IL-6 and IL-18 were higher in postmenopausal women, while TNFalpha and TNFbeta were significantly lower. There was an inverse relationship between serum DHEA and DHEA-S levels and both IL-6 (r= -0.46, P<0.02) or IL-18 (r= -0.38, P<0.05) serum concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with fertile counterparts, women in postmenopause present an alteration in serum cytokine profile suggesting a prevalence of Th2 lymphocytes.
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