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  • Title: Prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease defined by the ankle-brachial index among American Indians: the Inter-Tribal Heart Project.
    Author: Lamar Welch VL, Casper M, Greenlund K, Zheng ZJ, Giles W, Rith-Najarian S.
    Journal: Ethn Dis; 2002; 12(1):S1-63-7. PubMed ID: 11915849.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: This study examines the prevalence of lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) and its association with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS: Linear and logistic regression were used to analyze cross-sectional data from 1333 Chippewa and Menominee Indians. RESULTS: Approximately 6.4% of participants (6.9% of men, 6.1% of women) had LEAD. Among women, LEAD was associated with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; higher levels of diastolic blood pressure, creatinine, and triglycerides; and current smoking, diabetes, microalbuminuria, prior myocardial infarction, and stroke (P < or = .05). Among men, LEAD was associated with higher levels of creatinine (P < or = .05). CONCLUSIONS: Use of the ankle-brachial index to assess LEAD is a noninvasive and inexpensive measurement that can be used by clinicians to identify persons at increased risk of developing CVD, and may provide opportunities to prevent CVD.
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