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  • Title: Vitamin A supplementation and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 shedding in women: results of a randomized clinical trial.
    Author: Baeten JM, McClelland RS, Overbaugh J, Richardson BA, Emery S, Lavreys L, Mandaliya K, Bankson DD, Ndinya-Achola JO, Bwayo JJ, Kreiss JK.
    Journal: J Infect Dis; 2002 Apr 15; 185(8):1187-91. PubMed ID: 11930332.
    Abstract:
    Observational studies have associated vitamin A deficiency with vaginal shedding of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected cells and mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. To assess the effect of vitamin A supplementation on vaginal shedding of HIV-1, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 6 weeks of daily oral vitamin A (10,000 IU of retinyl palmitate) was conducted among 400 HIV-1-infected women in Mombasa, Kenya. At follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of HIV-1 DNA (18% vs. 21%, P=.4) or the quantity of HIV-1 RNA (3.12 vs. 3.00 log(10) copies/swab, P=1.0) in vaginal secretions of women receiving vitamin A, compared with women receiving placebo. No significant effect of supplementation on plasma HIV-1 load or CD4 or CD8 cell counts was observed, and no effect was seen among women who were vitamin A deficient at baseline. Vitamin A supplementation is unlikely to decrease the infectivity of women infected with HIV-1.
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