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  • Title: Down-regulation of cardioprotective bradykinin type-2 receptors in the left ventricle of patients with end-stage heart failure.
    Author: Kuoppala A, Shiota N, Kokkonen JO, Liesmaa I, Kostner K, Mäyränpää M, Kovanen PT, Lindstedt KA.
    Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol; 2002 Jul 03; 40(1):119-25. PubMed ID: 12103265.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES: We sought to study the expression of bradykinin type-2 receptors (BK-2Rs) in patients with heart failure (HF). BACKGROUND: Recent work in experimental animals has suggested that bradykinin (BK) exerts cardioprotective effects through specific BK-2Rs. However, nothing is known about the regulation of BK-2R expression in the pathogenesis of human HF. METHODS: Human heart tissue was obtained from excised hearts of patients undergoing cardiac transplantation (n = 13) and from normal hearts (n = 6) unsuitable for donation. The patients had HF due to idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) (n = 7) or coronary heart disease (CHD) (n = 6). Tissue samples from the left ventricles were analyzed by competitive reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting for the expression of BK-2R messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein. RESULTS: In both the IDC and CHD hearts, the level of BK-2R mRNA expression was found to be significantly lower (30% and 38% of control values, respectively) than that in normal hearts. Correspondingly, the BK-2R protein level was significantly reduced in both the IDC and CHD hearts (45% and 62% of control values, respectively) and apparently involved all myocardial cell types. The down-regulation of BK-2R expression in failing hearts did not correlate with decreased cellularity or with the expression pattern of other members of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. However, BK-2R down-regulation in the failing hearts was associated with a decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase in both IDC (53% of control value) and CHD (43% of control value) hearts. CONCLUSIONS: These results are the first to suggest that a loss of BK-2Rs is involved in the pathogenesis of human HF.
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